黄河入海口水沙通量变化规律

Variations of runoff and sediment flux in the Yellow River Estuary

根据利津站1950-2003年长系列的水、沙实测资料,运用统计分析方法对比分析研究了长系列及近期(1986-2003年)黄河入海口区水、沙通量的季节性变化、年际变化以及水、沙通量之间的关系。结果表明,①黄河入海口区的水沙通量有明显的季节性变化,其中沙通量的变化更为显著;②丰水年很少连续出现,枯水年有75%以连续两年的形式出现;③多沙年有连续几年出现1次的,也有连续2年或3年都出现的,少沙年基本上以连续形式出现,最多可达7年;④水沙通量间存在一定的相关性,其中细颗粒泥沙通量与水通量之间的相关性较弱。

Based on the observed data of runoff and sediment at the Lijin hydrological station in the period of 1950 - 2003, a statistical method is applied to study the seasonal and annual variations of runoff and sediment fluxes in the estuary. The results show that： （1） there is an obvious seasonal variation of runoff and sediment fluxes in the Yellow River Estuary, especially sediment flux; （2） the flood years seldom continuously appear and 75 % of the low-runoff years takes place in continuous two years; （3） the high sediment years appear once several years or continuous 2- 3 years, the low sediment years basically appear in continuous way even in 7 years; （4） there is a certain relationship between runoff and sediment fluxes, but the relationship between the fine grained sediment flux and runoff flux is poor.