组合堰型径流泥沙监测站的测流原理及其应用

Measuring principle of the combination weirs and its application to a monitoring station of runoff and sediment

一种新型组合堰式径流泥沙监测站在中科院长武农业生态站建成并投入运行,它能自动测定次洪水的径流量、输沙量及其动态变化。文中论述该设施的测流原理、结构及其应用效果,结果表明:该设施结构合理、自动测流精确;该流域洪水主要由强度≥25mm/6h的降雨形成,泥沙主要由强度≥20mm/3h的短历时暴雨洪水造成。这为评价小流域治理效益、水土流失预测预报、动态监测提供了一种有效工具和方法。

A new type combination weir for monitoring flow discharge and sediment of floods was built in Changwu Agri-ecological Experimental Station. The structure, principle of measuring runoff and applications of the measuring station are reported in the paper. The weir structure is rational and the flow rate of runoff can be measured automatically and accurately. Floods are formed mainly by a rainfall with intensity of t≥25mm/6h, and sediment is caused mainly by a storm with intensity of ≥20mm/lh in the watershed. It provides an effective tool and method to monitor the loss of water and soil and evaluate the effect of watershed conservation.