关于河流健康内涵与评价方法的综合评述

Review on river health connotation and assessment method

在可持续发展观念的推动下,河流健康问题引起各界广泛的重视。本文对河流健康的概念与内涵进行了剖析,分析了河流健康与河流生态系统健康的异同,提出了河流健康应包括三方面的内涵:河流自身结构功能完备,能发挥其正常的生态环境效益,并满足人类社会发展的合理需求。系统地总结了河流健康评价方法、评价标准、评价指标及评价模型,指出了评价的主体应当是河流系统,评价的河流不同,评价指标的选取和权重的确定也随之不同,依其具体特征而定。为我国河流健康评价的发展提供了一定的参考价值。

The concept of sustainable development has led people to pay more attention on fiver health. In this paper, the concept of fiver health and its connotation are discussed. The differences between fiver health and river ecosystem health are analyzed. The fiver health connotation should include three aspects：the structure and function of fiver itself, the natural eco-environmental benefit and the demand of human being. The authors systematically summarized the method, standard, indicator, and model of fiver health assessment. It could be a useful reference to the assessment of river health in China.