中国第二次北极科学考察沿线气溶胶可溶性离子分布特征和来源

Characterization of soluble species and their sources in aerosols collected on the route of the Second Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition

对2003年7月15-9月28日间中国第二次北极科学考察沿线所采集的气溶胶样品进行分析,获得了Na^＋、NH^＋4、K^＋、Mg^2＋、Ca^2＋、Cl^-、MSA、SO4^2-、NO^-3、C2O4^2-和CH3COO-11种离子的浓度.离子组成表明,气溶胶主要以海盐颗粒为主,其中（Na＋＋Cl-）的贡献平均为60.2%;其次为硫酸盐.根据因子分析,11种离子归为4个因子,解释方差为83.7%.因子1包括Na^＋、nss-Mg^2＋、nss-Ca^2＋、Cl^-和nss-SO4^2-,代表陆地和海洋混合源,解释方差为41.2%;因子2包括NH^＋4、nss^-K^＋和NO3^-,来源于化石燃料燃烧和生物质燃烧所释放的二次污染物,解释方差为18.9%;因子3只有MSA,来源于海洋表层浮游植物排放的二甲基硫（DMS）的氧化,解释方差为11.9%;因子4包括CH3COO^-和C2O24^-,主要来源于高纬度的北温带北部森林大火,解释方差为11.6%.

Aerosol samples were collected on the route of the Second Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition from July 15 to September 28,2003.The concentrations of water soluble ions（Na^＋、NH^＋4、K^＋、Mg^2＋、Ca^2＋、Cl^-、MSA、SO^2-4、NO^-3、C2O24 and CH3COO^-） were determined and analyzed to determine their sources.Marine aerosols were the dominant ions.Cl-and Na＋ accounted for 60.2% of the total aerosol loading,followed by sulfate.The ions could be divided into four groups by factor analysis,accounting for 83.7% of the variance.Factor 1 included Na^＋、nss-Mg^2＋、nss-Ca^2＋、Cl^-and nss-SO^2-4,mainly from a mixture of sea salt and continental sources,and accounted for 41.2% of the variance;Factor 2（18.9%） included NH^＋4、nssK^＋ and NO^-3,mostly from fossil fuel combustion,traffic emissions,and possibly biomass burning;Factor 3（11.9%） included MSA,only from oxidation of dimethylsulfide（DMS）;Factor 4（11.6%） included CH3COO-and C2O2-4,mainly from biomass burning in boreal regions.