生活垃圾填埋场不同粒径陈垃圾中微生物的分布特征

The distribution of microorganisms in various granules from aged landfill refuse

用3种尺寸的方形筛筛分填埋龄为6-7 a的陈垃圾,并对筛分得到的4种不同粒径垃圾中的微生物类群分布特征进行研究.研究结果表明,陈垃圾中含有非常丰富的微生物,可达到1012CFU·g^-1,其数量分布随粒径的变化为：（〈4mm）〉（8-25mm）〉（4-8mm）〉（〉25mm）;兼氧细菌在各粒径陈垃圾微生物中占绝对优势,其可达1012CFU·g^-1,其次为真菌和厌氧细菌,真菌最高可达107CFU·g^-1,厌氧细菌最高可达106CFU·g^-1,放线菌数量最少,但也能达105CFU·g^-1;同类群的微生物在不同粒径垃圾中的分布不同,不同粒径垃圾中不同微生物类群的数量组成也不相同;兼氧细菌和真菌数量对数值与各项理化指标线性回归方程表明,2类微生物明显受到含水率、浸提氨态氮、BDM和pH的影响.

The distribution characteristics of microorganisms in aged landfill refuse were investigated and then screened into four grades based on granule size.A large number of micro-organisms were present in the refuse, which had been aged for six to seven years,and the distribution of total microbial number in the refuse granules decreased in the order（〈4 mm）〉（8～25 mm）〉（4～8 mm）〉（〉25 mm）.Among the different microbial groups present in the refuse,facultative bacteria were predominant,at up to 1012 CFU·g^-1.The quantities of anaerobic bacteria,fungi and actinomyces were 107 CFU·g^-1,106 CFU·g^-1,and 105 CFU·g^-1,respectively.Regression analysis suggested that the facultative aerobic bacteria and fungi were significantly influenced by refuse pH,moisture,extractable ammonium and biological degraded matter（BDM）.