启蒙的反思和儒学的复兴——二十世纪中国反传统运动的再认识

Reflections on Chinese Enlightenment Movement and the Revival of Confucianism

中国新文化运动时期的启蒙与其说是"全盘西化",还不如说是"全盘日本化的西化"。中国虽曾有"全盘西化"的愿望,但事实上却没有被真正地"西化"过,传统还在,儒家文化也依然存在,当代的文化转型中儒学的复兴才因此具有真实的基础而成其为问题。儒学的复兴取决于它能否成功地把启蒙思潮转化成儒学的内在组成部分,而启蒙的未来则在于通过儒学的复兴而实现文化和社会的转型。化解启蒙—儒家的二元论或许是二十一世纪中国最大的文化工程。

It has been widely accepted that the enlightenment in China＇s New Cultural Movement in early last century is characterized by ＂wholesale westernization＂, but, as this author suggests, it is not so much ＂wholesale westernization＂ as ＂wholesale Japanese-styled westernization.＂ True westernization has been compromised, tradition has persisted, and Confucian orthodox has continued to hold its sway. Hence the ready foundation and the genuine issue of Confucian revival in China＇s modern cultural transformation. The success of Confucian revival, however, lies in its ability to incorporate enlightenment ideology into its essential self. To dissolve the dualism of enlightenment and Confucianism is probably the greatest cultural project to be undertaken by China in the 21^st century.