私人利益取向的群体行动何以可能

How can Group Actions Driven by Private Interests be Possible: A Case Study

本文尝试根据引发因素和目标指向的不同对群体行动做了一个简单的四分法,归结起来可以看成两大类:一是共同利益取向的群体行动,二是私人利益取向的群体行动。前者已有很多学者做过研究,本文着重通过对个案的分析探讨后者的发生机制。认为怨恨的生产和对怨恨的解释、其他途径的不可行或想象的不可行、有成功的先例等几个因素可以解释为什么采取群体行动,而强关系的介入使得私人利益(微观)和群体行动(中观)连接起来,群体行动成为可能。结构的(关系的、网络的)视角或许是分析私人利益取向的群体行动的一个有解释力的尝试。

Based on triggering factors and targets, this paper categorizes group action into two kinds： group action of common interests and that of private interests. The former has been studied by many researchers; and this article mainly discusses the latter - especially its generative mechanism -- on the basis of a case study. The author holds that a few factors, such as the emergence of resentment and its interpretation, the unavailability or imaginary unavailability of other means, the existence of some successful precedents, etc., are instrumental in prompting people to group actions. Furthermore, strong ties can link private interests （at the micro level） with group action （at the middle level）. Structural （or relational） factors may also help to explain group actions driven by private interests.