唐代及以前的中国女性书法艺术探析

Exploration and Analysis on Chinese Female Calligraphy before Tang Dynasty

唐代及以前的女性书法家在书法艺术创作上取得了较为突出的成绩。新、旧石器时期母系氏族社会以女性为主的在岩石上刻划象形文字或符号,就是我国书法艺术最早的"祖先",这与湖南省江华县"女书"、女字碑刻有着密切渊源。据史书记载,我国最早的女性书法家是春秋时期的鲁国秋胡妻,秦汉以后能留迹于后世的女性书法家主要有东汉末年的蔡文姬,晋朝著名的卫铄以及唐朝的女皇武则天等,她们法书宗师主要是父传夫教以及家庭、周围环境之影响,其作品均有大丈夫气,笔力激峻,风格各异。

The contributions female calligraphists made before Tang Dynasty showed female＇s great potentials in calligraphy art. Female-centered portray and hieroglyph or symbol in new and old stone period matriarchal clan society is the ancestor of Chinese calligraphy art. The first female calligraphist in history records is Qiu Huqi in Lu in Spring-Autumn period. Female calligraphists leaving works in the world after Qin and Han are Cai Wenji in the latest years of East Han, Wei Shuo in Jin Dynasty, the empress Wu Zetian in Tang Dynasty and so on. Because their respected masters of model calligraphy were fathers and husbands and affected by family and enviorenment, their works owned gentleman vigor, tough pen force and different styles.