不同职业对心血管病发病率的影响

The relationship between occupation and causes of cardiovascular disease

目的探讨不同职业人群与心血管发病危险因素的关系。方法对3370名不同职业人群进行健康调查,测定血压、心电图、胆固醇、甘油三酯,应用职业紧张测试表OSI进行职业紧张评分,根据职业紧张评分将队列分为高、中、低职业紧张暴露组。结果高职业紧张度组(教师)与中职业紧张度(高温作业工人)心血管发病率明显高于低职业紧张度组(营业员),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),并且随年龄和工龄的增加,心血管发病率也增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论职业紧张是职业人群发生心血管疾病的危险因素之一;职业紧张引起心血管疾病是在长期慢性紧张刺激下发生发展的。

Objective To examine the relationship between the occupation and cardiovascular disease. Methods 3370 cases from different occupation are selected to go through the health checkup in terms of levels of blood pressure, electrocardiogram, cholesterol and triglyceride. OSI is applied to categorize the occupation into high, medium and low professional pressure groups. Results Employees from the high-and -medium-level groups such as teachers and workers exposed to harmful gas and high-temperature environment are more prone to cardiovascular disease than those low-level ones such as shopping assistants （P〈0.05）. And with their age and working age grow- ing,the chance for cardiovascular disease increases （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Professional pressure is one of the causes of cardiovascular disease, and the profession-led pressure leads to cardiovascular disease through chronicle stimulus.