纳米黏土增强材料研究

Study of Nanon Clay Reinforcing Material for Plastic

玉山蒙脱土经提纯、钠化和有机插层处理后制得纳米黏土,阳离子交换容量为114 mmol/100 g土,晶层间距由1.238 nm增大到2.090 nm。采用挤水转相技术,以酯类为有机相置换纳米黏土中的水相,且m(有机相)∶m[纳米黏土(干土)]=100∶30,可防止纳米黏土的二次团聚,获得颗粒高度分散的纳米黏土增强材料。纳米黏土增强树脂的最佳质量分数为m(树脂)∶m(纳米黏土)=100∶5,用于环氧树脂时,冲击强度可提高302.3%,弯曲强度提高45.5%;用于聚丙烯树脂时,冲击强度提高35.7%。

Nanometer clay was obtained by inserting organic matter into the purified and sodium-ionized Yushan montmorillonite. Cation-exchange capacity of the clay was 114 mmol/100 g and the gap between the layers increased from 1. 238 nm to 2. 090 nm. By flushing process, water in the nanometer clay was displaced with ester, in the ratio m （ester） ： m [ nanometer clay （dry） ] = 100：30. This treatment can prevent secondary aggregation of the nanon particles, and produced highly dispersed reinforcing material. The optimum mix proportion was m （resin） ： m （ nanon clay） = 100 ： 5. For epoxy resin,the impact strength increased by 302.3% and the bending strength increased by 45.5% ; for polypropylene,the impact strength increased by 35.7%.