美国当代多元化文学中的一支奇葩——奇卡诺文学及其文化取向

Chicano Literature and Its Cultural Orientation:A Wonder of Contemporary American Multi-Ethnic Literature

作为美国当代多元文化格局中的一种典型形态,奇卡诺文学勃兴于20世纪60年代社会运动的高潮中。运动中形成的奇卡诺"精神宣言"引领了第一代作家、评论家的创作,体现出文化身份认同的主要取向。八九十年代奇卡诺文学进入全面繁荣,在美国民众面前展示了奇卡诺民族的生存状态、精神追求和独特的文化特征。在两代奇卡诺作家的努力下,奇卡诺文学走出"边缘地带",进入了美国当代文学经典的殿堂,成为多族裔文化大合唱的一个重要声部,反映了当代美国文学发展的重要趋向。

As a typical facet of the contemporary American multi-cultural frame, Chicano literature boomed in the social movements of the 1960s. The Spiritual Plan formed in the movements guided the creation of writers and critics of the first generation, and manifested the main orientation of cultural identity. In the 1980s and 1990s, Chicano literature achieved full prosperity, revealing the American Chicano people＇s living conditions, spiritual pursuit and unique cultural features for American people. With the continuous efforts of two generations of Chicano writers, Chicano literature has stepped out of marginality and entered contemporary American literary classics, representing a key voice part in the American multiethnic cultural chorus and reflecting an important trend in the development of contemporary American literature.