利用农田水量平衡模型评价棉田不同的灌溉制度

Evaluation of Different Cotton Irrigation Scheduling by Using Field Water Balance Model

本文以田间试验为基础，应用农田水量平衡理论和棉花对不同水分亏缺的反应，建立了一个棉花不同灌溉制度的评价模型，文中用ＦＡＯ－４６提供的Ｐｅｎｍａｎ－Ｍｏｎｔｅｉｔｈ方法计算了棉花生育期间逐日参考作物蒸散量，利用Ｉｓａｒｅｇ模型［５］计算了棉田逐日实际蒸散量。研究结果表明，利用农田水量平衡模型可对棉花灌溉进行有效管理。通过对几种灌溉方案的评价，定量化地分析了不同灌溉制度对棉花产量的影响程度和水分胁迫出现的时间；明确了在黄淮海平原棉田灌溉重点在棉花生育前期，即苗期，盛蕾－初花期；

This research created an evaluation model for different cotton irrigation scheduling based on the plot experiment. The model use field water balance principle and function of yield reaction on water stress. Computing cotton daily reference crop evapotranspiraion (ET0)by using method provided by FAO-46. Computing cotton actual evapotranspiration by using method of ISAREG model . Research result shows that It can make effective irrigation scheduling by using field water balance model. Based on the evaluation of several different irrigation scheduling, quantitatively analyzed the cotton yield reaction and occurrence time of water stress, also , indicated the two irrigations should arrange in the early development stages in Huanghuihai region, such as cotton seedling time (around 28, May), and peak square time or beginning of flowering (later of June to early July) for insufficient water supply condition, each irrigation amount is about 45-50mm. Basically it will cause a acceptable cotton yield reduce of below 3%. Generally, no irrigation should be given in cotton boll or/and later stages. The research also gives cotton water requirements by development stages, and average daily water use during these stages. The research provided a relatively strong theory to make optimized irrigation scheduling.