试析自由的受动性

On Passivity of Liberty

“自由是对必然的认识和对世界的改造”。无论是认识的活动还是改造的活动,都是一种活动即实践,都是在一定的社会历史条件下进行的。换句话说,自由总受制于一定的社会历史条件,自由是有限的自由。自由中的受动性主要表现为人自身的生理心理条件、自然和一定的社会历史条件。它还有三个基本特征:客观性、可利用性和基础性。在考察人的自由时必须考察到自由的受动性,否则就无法真正理解何谓自由,唯心主义者和旧唯物主义者就是如此。

Liberty is the knowledge of regularity and the transform on the world.Both the cognitive action and the transform are one action：the practice,which is made in the definite conditions of the society and history.In the other words,the liberty is always restricted by it,so the liberty is the definite liberty.The passivity of liberty,which mainly shows man＇s physiological and psychological conditions,nature and the definite conditions of society and history,has three basic features：objective,utilize and basic.Unless analyze the passivity as analyzing the liberty can we really realize what is the liberty as the subjectivism and the old objectivism.