力竭性运动对大鼠血浆心钠素及心肌血供的影响

Influence of exhausting exercises on the plasma atrial natriuretic peptide and myocardial blood supply of rats

目的:观察不同训练程度大鼠力竭性运动后血浆心钠素含量及心肌缺血情况,探讨力竭性运动对大鼠心脏内分泌以及心肌血供的影响。方法:实验于2006-10/12在武汉体育学院细胞与分子生物学实验室完成。选择SD大鼠16只,按随机数字表法分为3组,安静对照组(n=4)笼内生活,自由饮食;游泳力竭组(n=6)适应性喂养1周后进行一定的适应性游泳训练;长期耐力训练游泳力竭组(n=6)训练8周,6次/周。8周后,后两组大鼠进行力竭性运动,运动后取大鼠血浆,采用放射免疫法测定心钠素含量;取心肌组织,制作光镜切片,采用Nagar-Olsen特殊染色法检测心肌缺血情况。结果:16只大鼠全部进入结果分析。①在经过8周的运动训练后,游泳力竭组、长期耐力训练游泳力竭组大鼠血浆心钠素含量显著高于安静对照组(P<0.05,<0.01);长期耐力训练游泳力竭组大鼠血浆心钠素含量显著高于游泳力竭组(P<0.05)。②游泳力竭组大鼠心肌组织缺血较为严重;而长期耐力训练游泳力竭组大鼠心肌组织与安静对照组相比,也有缺血现象发生,但没有游泳力竭组严重。结论:力竭性运动会造成大鼠心血管内分泌活性物质心钠素的失调,并造成心肌组织缺血;长期耐力游泳训练可以使大鼠心脏结构及功能产生一定的适应性改变。

AIM： To study the plasma atrial natduretic peptide （ANP） level and myocardial ischemia in rats after exhausting exercises and explore the effects of exhausting exercises on cardiac incretion and myocardial blood supply in rats. METHODS： The expedment was performed at the Laboratory of Cytology and Molecular Biology, Wuhan Institute of Physical Education from October to December 2006. Sixteen SD rats were randomly divided into three groups. Rats in the control group （n =4） live in the cage with free ddnking. Rats in the exhausting swimming group （n =6） did adaptive swimming after 1-week adaptive feeding. Rats in the long-term durability plus exhausting swimming group （n =6） were trained for 8 weeks, 6 times a week. Eight weeks later, rats in the latter two groups did exhausting exercises, and then plasma was collected. The ANP level was determined by radioimmunoassay. Myocardial tissues were taken to make the slice of optical microscope. Myocardial ischemia was measured by Nagar-Olsen Special Staining. RESULTS： Totally 16 rats were involved in the result analysis. （1）After 8-week training, ANP levels of rats in the exhausting swimming group and long-term durability plus exhausting swimming group were significantly higher than those in the control group （P〈 0.05,〈 0.01 ）. ANP levels of rats in the long-term durability plus exhausting swimming group were obviously higher than those in the exhausting swimming group （P 〈 0.05）. （2）Myocardial ischemia was severe in rats of the exhausting swimming group. Ischemia also occurred in the long-term durability plus exhausting swimming group compared with the control group, but it was not severe as the exhausting swimming group. CONCLUSION： Exhausting exercises can result in imbalance of ANP level of rats, and cause myocardial ischemia. Long-term durability and swimming training can inspire the rats＇ cardiac structure and function with definite adaptive change.