动物利他行为的研究进展及争鸣

The Progress on Altruism Research of Animals and Its Debate

研究国内外学者关于利他行为的思想、观点,总结利他行为的发展和争鸣,为后人研究利他行为提供理论依据和借鉴。在相关文献资料的基础上,采用实证描述和规范研究的分析方法,探讨了亲缘利他、互惠利他和纯粹利他等利他行为,并从自然选择、群体选择、基因选择、亲缘选择、互惠利他、自私基因、囚徒困境、纯粹利他等理论视角对利他行为进行解读和讨论。

The viewpoints and understanding of altruism by some foreign scholars are reviewed and discussed in this article. The development and contends of altruism were focused and summarized to provide the theoretical basis and the model for future studies. The relative altruism, reciprocal altruism, pure altruism and other altruism were discussed with the empirical description and the standard research analysis method, based on the correlation literature material. And the natural selection, the group selection, the gene choice, the kin selection, the reciprocal altruism, the selfish gene, the convict difficult position, and the pure altruism were also used to explain the phenomenon of altruism.