景观格局与生态过程的耦合途径分析

Analysis of the Integrating Approach on Landscape Pattern and Ecological Processes

景观生态学自诞生以来在理论和实践方面已经取得了众多进展,然而在景观格局与生态过程关系方面还有很多问题值得深入研究。本文阐述了景观格局和生态过程的有关概念和方法,揭示了其中存在的一些问题和开展耦合研究的必要性,进而总结了耦合研究的一般方法,并在此基础上提出了耦合研究的理论框架,即以一定区域为依托和一定目标为导向进行土地单元或生态系统类型划分,通过土地评价和模型集成将小尺度观测研究和大尺度空间动态模拟相结合,在实现区域目标的基础上,构建具有良好适应性的耦合模型系统。

Much progress has been made on theory and practice since the birth of landscape ecology as a scientific discipline. However, many problems are still waiting to be addressed. This paper analyzed the pertinent concepts and methods of landscape pattern and ecological processes and the shortcomings embedded which necessitates researches on the integrating of pattern and processes. Subsequently, the staple methods for this kind of integration were briefly summarized. Then, a general framework was put forward for the integrative research. According to this framework, subject to certain region and research objectives, land units or ecosystem types need to be partitioned. Then, small scale observation and modeling can be carried out. At the same time, large scale spatial dynamic models need to be formulated. Finally, adaptive multi-scale landscape pattern and ecological processes integrative model system can be constructed and put into application through the approaches of land evaluation and model integration.