近自然森林经营目标树作业体系辅助设计系统的研究与开发

Development of a Supporting System of Target Tree Oriented Stand Operation for Practice of Close-to-natural Forest Management

目标树林分作业体系是近自然森林经理计划中规定本经理期内对当前林分执行具体作业的林分作业模式。近自然的目标树作业体系设计是以单株木为对象,按调整林木竞争或互助的生态关系、降低作业成本、提高生产能力的原则进行,设计的技术要求较高,工作量大,结果也会因具体林分条件不同而出现较大的差异。开发一个近自然林分作业辅助设计系统是导引近自然森林经营向规范化和标准化方向进行的必要工作。本文以此为目标,以天保工程区天然林和人工林的样地调查数据为基础,以模块化设计思想为指导,采用C/S结构的系统开发模式、用Access提供数据管理并以Excel支持结果输出、以VB 6.0为程序设计语言,开发了可视化的目标树林分作业辅助设计系统。该系统实现了虚拟的林木分类标记、干扰木采伐操作及保护促进天然更新标识等作业设计内容,并提供了样地数据管理、林木空间位置分布图制作、林分统计图表和主要经营参数的自动计算和设计文本输出功能,实现了林分作业的规范化和自动化辅助设计和决策分析目标。该系统的应用可促进近自然森林经营工作规范化推广发展。

A fundamental difference between close - to - nature forestry and plantation forestry is the decision parameters of how to cut trees in stand Target tree oriented operation works must be done according to the biological and ecological relationships, between single trees in the stand, and the result may vary from different stand condition. These characters ask for a high technical and financial consume for conducting the stand operation, and a Supporting System of Target Tree Oriented Stand Operation will therefore help its implementation in an efficient and standardized way. This paper introduces works of development of the target tree operation supporting system, using data of plots collected from the natural and plantation forest areas, design of system concept based on object- oriented method and C/S structured programming in Visual Basic 6. 0 in combine with Access for data management and Excel for results output. The system realized virtual and visualizing stand thinning operation, and gives out most expected statistics results for tree classification and its spatial distribution map, stand tables before and after the thinning harvest. Analyses of some important management parameters and data management function are also provided in the system.