湖南生态经济系统的能值分析及其可持续性评估

Emergy Analysis and Sustainability Assessment of Ecological-economic System in Hunan Province

运用能值分析理论和方法,对湖南省1999～2006年的能值投入率、净能值产出率、环境负载率、能值货币比率、能值使用强度、人均能值使用量、电力能值比率、人口承载力、基于能值分析的可持续发展指数、废弃物能值比率等10个指标及其变化趋势进行定量分析,并与其它国家和地区的相关指标进行比较研究.研究结果表明：（1）湖南社会经济水平虽然不断上升,但目前整体上较落后,处于我国各省市的中游水平,湖南发展经济和提高人民生活水平的道路还很长.（2）湖南还属于资源输出型的生态经济区域,需要尽快改变这种状况.（3）湖南资源环境压力较大,应控制耗能产品、环境污染产品出口,努力发展水电,适度抑制人口增长,遵循功率最大化原则,提升生态经济系统的可持续发展能力.

Based on emergy analysis, changes and trends of 10 indicators in Hunan province in 1999 - 2006 are gotten, such as Emergy investment ratio, Net emergy yield ratio, Environmental Loading ratio, Emergy dollar ratio, Emergy density, and Emergy per capita, Fraction of emergy used from electricity, Population carrying capacity, Emergy-based for sustainable index, Fraction of emergy used from rejectamenta. And a quantitative and comparative research was carried out by comparing different countries and districts to Hunan province in China in 2003 with selective indices. The results show that： （1） Although socio- economic level of Hunan rising, it is backward and is in the middle reaches in Chinese provinces and municipalities on the whole, and the way of developing economy and raising people＇s living standards is still very long. （2） Hunan also belongs to the ecological - economic region of resources - outputting, need to change this situation as soon as possible. （3）It should be controlled to expert energy -consuming products and environmental -contaminating products, and efforts to develop hydropower, appropriately restrained population growth, following the principle of maximum power to improve sustainable development of ecological - economic system by pressures on resources and environment in Hunan province.