太阳崇拜与三星堆文化的造型艺术

Sun Worship and Plastic Arts of sanxing dui Culture

三星堆遗址的两个器物坑中出土的器物数量众多、形制各异,但其几乎所有的艺术造型都与太阳崇拜有着或多或少、或明或暗的联系。以类归之,主要有四种:根据太阳的自然形态,直接以圆形符号象征太阳;根据自然的关系,以树和花果折射太阳;脱离太阳的自然形态,用"鸟"象征太阳;摆脱自然形态的痕迹,以与人相关的部位和器官来象征太阳。这说明太阳崇拜是三星堆文化丰富复杂崇拜的总根源。古蜀人对太阳的崇拜源自他们的心理需求、现实需要以及自身需要的满足,于自然的尺度之中包含了人的尺度。

Although the relics unearthed from two pits in San Xing Dui Relic Site are in large number and in various shapes, almost all the plastic arts of the relics are related to sun worship to a certain degree or in a certain form. They can be classified into 4 categories ： circular shapes are employed to symbolize the sun according to natural shape of the sun. Trees, flowers and fruits are used to refract the sun according to the natural relationship. ＂Bird＂ is used to symbelize the sun, which deviates the natural shape of the sun. And the parts and organs related to human beings are also used to symbolize the sun. Therefore, we can come to a conclusion that sun worship is the root of the rich complicated worships reflected in San Xing Dui culture. The sun worship of ancient people in Shu derived from their psychological needs, realistic needs and their personal needs. Hence, we can see human beings are reflected by the nature.