西藏马线粒体DNA D-loop区的遗传多样性

Genetic Diversity of Mitochondrial DNA D-loop Sequences in Tibetan Horses

对西藏拉萨和泽当两个地区23匹西藏马的线粒体DNA控制区(m tDNA D-loop)部分片段进行序列分析,检测出16个单倍型,包括32个核苷酸多态性位点(其中转换位点31个,缺失位点1个),占所分析位点总数的9.27%.单倍型多样性(h)和核苷酸多样性(π)分别为0.93±0.04和2.51%±0.16%,表明西藏马的遗传多样性较丰富.基于23匹西藏马序列以及现代欧亚马群的m tDNA序列,进行了系统发育分析和多维尺度分析.结果表明,西藏马在母系遗传关系上与近东、中亚以及欧洲家马有较近的亲缘关系,与东亚的蒙古马以及韩国马亲缘关系较远.

Mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） D-loop sequences of 23 individual horses from Lhasa and Zedang in Tibet were analyzed. The results reveal 16 unique haplotypes, 32 polymorphic sites （31 transitions and 1 deletion）, which account for 9.27% of the total number of sites in DNA sequence analyzed. The haplotype diversity （h） and nucleotide diversity （π） were 0.93 ± 0.04 and 2.51% ± 0.16%, respectively, showing that abundant mitochondrial genetic diversity exists in Tibetan horses. Moreover, the phylogenetic analysis and multidimensional scaling analysis were performed based on the mtDNA sequences of Tibetan horses and the related Eurasian horse populations. The results show that Tibetan horses have widespread maternal origin. Tibetan horses are closely related to the populations from Near Asia, Central Asia and Europe, whereas they are less related to the populations from Mongolia and Korea.