葛兰西的市民社会理论述评

A Review of A.Gramsci's Civil Society Theory

葛兰西的市民社会概念属于上层建筑的范畴,他认为市民社会是资产阶级意识形态领导权得以实现的根本途径和载体,在西方国家,无产阶级革命的关键也是掌握意识形态的领导权。"现代国家"具有两个方面的职能,即"领导权"方面和专政方面的职能。国家消亡就是政治社会重新被吸纳到市民社会之中的过程。葛兰西的市民社会理论是他对意大利等现代西方发达资本主义国家的历史和现实进行反思的结果,对今天的中国也有积极的启示意义。

A. Gramsci＇s civil society theory belongs to the category of superstructure. He believed that civil society was the basis and carrier for the leadership of capitalist ideology. In western countries, the crux of proletariat revolution was also owning leadership of ideology. ＂Modern country＂ has two functions： leadership and dictatorship. A. Gramsci＇s civil society theory came from his reflections on the history and reality of capitalist countries, such as Italy, which has positive implications for Chinese society.