当归苗根直径大小对提前抽薹率及产量的影响

Effect of root diameter on early bolting rate and yield in seedling of Angelica sinensis

目的研究根直径与提前抽薹的关系,减少当归提前抽薹率。方法采用不同根直径当归苗移栽,对提前抽薹率和产量进行研究。结果6月份当归提前抽薹株就可以从田间直接观察到,6～7月是抽薹高发期,到10月2日,根直径≥0.86cm的处理抽薹率最高,达到94.65%,≤0.35cm的处理则只有1.63%;在≤0.35cm处理中,出苗率为33.62%,≥0.86cm处理的出苗率最高,达到了95.75%,收获株数只有6395株/hm2,根直径0.46～0.55cm的处理达到68398株/hm2,显著高于其他处理;最高产量出现在0.46～0.55cm移栽苗根直径范围内,其鲜、干当归产量分别为5717.58kg/hm2和1554.98kg/hm2。结论生产上应选择根直径在0.46～0.65cm的苗进行移栽。

Objective To investigate the relationship between the root diameter of Angelica sinensis and its early bolting rate, and to decrease the bolting rate. Methods The seedling transplanting of A. sinensis with various root diameters was used to study the bolting rate and yield. Results Bolting plants can be observed in the field at June and the period from June to July is the bolting heyday. The bolting rate was the highest, up to 94.65%, in the treatment of root diameter ≥ 0. 86 cm. However, it was only 1.63% in the treatment of root diameter ≤ 0. 35 cm on Oct. 2nd. In the treatment of root diameter ≤0. 35 cm, the seedling rate was only 33.62%, while in the treatment of root diameter ≥ 0. 86 cm, the seedling rate was the highest, up to 95.75%, but the harvest seedling number was only 6 395 plant/hm^2. In the treatment of root diameter of 0.46-0.55 cm, the harvest seedling number was 68 398 plant/hm^2, which was significantly higher than other treatments. The highest yield appeared in the treatment of root diameter in 0.46--0. 55 cm of transplanting seedling, the fresh and dry yields of A. sinensis were 5 717.58 kg/hm^2 and 1 554.98 kg/hm^2, respectively. Conclusion The seedlings with root diameter in the range of 0.46--0. 65 cm should be selected to transplant in practice.