西北水资源可持续利用评估体系建立研究

Index system for evaluation of sustainable water use in northwestern China

水作为人类生存和经济发展的生命线,已成为制约西部经济社会发展及生态环境改善的主要因素。为实现西部经济可持续发展,针对当前西北地区水资源利用中出现的问题,建立了基于"驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应"模型的西北地区水资源可持续利用综合评价指标体系。同时采用熵值法,结合2004年西北五省相关评价指标值对该指标体系进行综合评价。评价结果表明,人均水资源量、水资源开发利用率、农业用水效率等10个指标为影响西北水资源可持续利用的关键因素。其中,新疆在五省区中可持续利用综合水平最高,宁夏最低。

Water resource, a lifeline of human existence and economic development, has become a constraint on social advancement and environmental improvement. For sustainable economic development in northwestern China, this paper discusses existent problems with the use of water resource and has designed an integrated index system for evaluation of sustainable water use based on the ＂driving force-pressure status-impact response＂ framework. Then it adoptes information entropy method to assess the index system, aided with related data in 2004. The assessment shows that ten indexes including water quantity per person, water utilization, water efficiency in agriculture, etc. are the key factors that influence sustainable water use in northwestern provinces among which Xinjiang boasts the highest level of water use and Ningxia is at the lowest.