三峡库区消落带与水环境响应关系预测

Forecast of the Relation Between the Water Quality and the Wet-dry Zone of the Three Gorges Area

随着三峡工程蓄水的完成,三峡库区消落带将逐渐形成并进入淹没期。消落带初次进入淹没期后,长期吸附在消落带土壤中的氮磷等营养物质将逐渐进入水体,并由此对三峡水库水质产生一定的影响。模拟消落带土壤淹没后氮磷释放实验,根据实验结果和一级动力学方程,计算出消落带土壤进入淹水期后的氮磷释放速率方程,并分别预测了在高、中、低水平下库区各区县消落带土壤释放的氮磷总量。以典型的开县消落带为例,预测了开县消落带氮磷释放与水环境之间的响应关系,结果表明高水平条件下开县消落带土壤全淹后对水环境中TP、TN和氨氮浓度的贡献值均较小,但其所占预测负荷总量的百分比分分别为93.79%,69.65%和51.61%,

As the water storage plans of the Three Gorges Project come into action, the shore area along the reservoir will gradually be submerged and a wet-dry alternation environment will form, where the nutriments of the P and N absorbed in the soil during long period will leach out and diffuse in the water environment. With the simulated submerging experiments of the soil conduct, the leaching amounts of the P and N under three different conditions （High, Medium and Low） were calculated. Based on the experiments data and kinetic equation, the leaching models of N and Pwere established.Furthermore, the relationships between the leached P, N and the water quality were also projected as taken Kaixian County＇ s wet-dry area as an example.