开县天然气泄漏处理中的卫生经济学分析

HEALTH ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ON THE MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL GAS LEAKAGE IN KAIXIAN

[目的]通过对"12.23"和"3.25"两起天然气泄漏事件卫生经济学分析,了解灾害发生后疾控工作的应对效果。[方法]利用两起事件的调查资料、政府通报和总结报告,分析事件中发生的卫生医疗费用和经济损失,进行成本一效果分析、成本一效益分析。[结果]通过疾控和医疗实际支出的对比进行成本效果分析。"12.23"事件中,疾控支出总费用为62.3万元,人均9.16元,医疗费用为562.5567万元,人均100.47元;"3.25"事件中,疾控支出总费用为25.92万元,人均23.56元,医疗费用为70.8861万元,人均64.44元。"3.25"事件与"12.23"事件相比,疾控医疗费用比由1:10.96增加到了1:2.73,人均疾控费用增加了14.40元,人均医疗费用降低了36.03元。通过潜在医疗费用估算,进行成本效益分析。两起事件总的疾控支出为88.22万元,其节约的潜在医疗费用不会低于1000万元。[结论]疾病预防控制工作的成本非常低廉,其防止传染病的流行而创造的经济效益非常巨大。

[Objective]To understand the effect of disease control after disaster through health economic analysis on＂12.23＂and＂3.25＂natural gases leakage accidents.[Methods]The investigation materials,government’s notification and summary report of the accidents were used to calculate the health and medical expenses and economic loss in the two accidents,and carry out cost-effectiveness analysis and cost-benefit analysis.[Results]According to the cost-effectiveness analysis based on the actual expenditure of centers for disease control and prevention（CDC）and medical institutions,in＂12.23＂accident,the total expenses of CDCs were RMB 623 000 Yuan,with 9.16 Yuan per capita,and the total medical cost was RMB 5.625567 million Yuan,with 100.47 Yuan per capita. While in＂3.25＂accident,the total expenses of CDCs were RMB 259 200 Yuan,with 23.56 Yuan per capita,and the medical cost was RMB 708 861 Yuan,with 64.44 Yuan per capita. Compared with the＂12.23＂accident,the cost ratio of CDCs in＂3.25＂accident increased from 1︰10.96 to 1︰2.73,the per capita health expenses of CDCs increased by RMB 14.40 Yuan,and the per capita medical cost decreased by RMB 36.03 Yuan. According to cost-benefit analysis by estimating potential medical cost,the total expenses of the two events of CDCs were RMB 882 200 Yuan,the potential medical cost which was saved would be no less than 10 million Yuan.[Conclusion]The cost of disease prevention and control is extremely inexpensive,but its economic benefit through preventing and controlling the prevalence of infectious diseases is huge.