药用植物内生放线菌的生物活性及菌株D62的代谢产物分析

Bioactivity of endophytic actinomycetes from medicinal plants and secondary metabolites from strain D62

利用琼脂移块法及WST-8法分别对分离自西双版纳药用植物的165株内生放线菌进行了抗菌、抗肿瘤活性测定。结果显示,超过42%的菌株对病原菌表现出拮抗活性,且对病原真菌的总体拮抗活性明显强于土壤放线菌;78%的菌株表现出抗肿瘤活性,且大部分菌株(54.5%)具有强抗肿瘤活性。选取其中对真菌及肿瘤细胞均有高抑制活性的菌株D62,并对其次生代谢产物进行了进一步的研究,共分离得6个化合物,分别是Antimycin A4a(1),Antimycin A7a(2)、Antimycin A2a(3)、Antimycin A1a(4)、10-hydroxy-10-methyl-dodec-2-en-1,4-olide(5)及6-(2-(4-aminophenyl)-2-oxoethyl)-3,5-dimethyl-tetrahydropyran-2-one(6),其中化合物6为新化合物。以上结果表明药用植物内生放线菌作为一类新的微生物资源具有很好的开发潜力。

It is believed that genetic recombination of the endophytes with the hosts that occurred in evolutionary time could result in some endophytes producing certain phytochemical originally characteristic of the host. Based on this widely accepted hypothesis, there have been increasing research efforts focused on screening for novel natural products from endophytes. In this study, antimicrobial and antitumor activities of 165 actinomycetes isolated from medicinal plants collected from Xishuangbanna were tested by agar diffusion method and WST-8 assay respectively. The results showed that over 42% of the isolates exhibited antagonism against pathogenic strains, and 54.5% displayed excellent inhibition against mouse melanoma cell line B16 or/and human alveolar epithelial cell line A549. These results are superior to those of soil actinomycetes, indicating tremendous potential of endophytic of actinomycetes for exploration. Six compounds that had both antimicrobial and antitumor activities were separated and purified from isolate Streptomyces sp. D62 by resin adsorption, silica-gel column and sephadex chromatography, etc. On the basis of spectral analyses, they were identified as antimycin A_ 4a （1）, antimycin A_ 7a （2）, antimycin A_ 2a （3）, antimycin A_ 1a （4）, 10-hydroxy-10-methyl-dodec-2-en-1,4-olide（5） and 6-（2-（4-aminophenyl）-2-oxoethyl）-3,5-dimethyl-tetrahydropyran-2-one（6）, with the last one defined as a novel compound. Based on all these results, it is convinced that endophytic actinomycetes are a promising resource for bioactive natural product discovery.