阴囊壁病变的高频超声表现及其病理结果

Characteristics of scrotal wall diseases in high frequency ultrasonography and pathological findings

目的探讨高频超声对阴囊壁病变的诊断意义。方法回顾性分析115例阴囊壁病变的声像图表现,并与手术病理对照。结果本组115例中,阴囊壁闭合性外伤46例(挫伤32例、血肿14例),鞘膜积液42例(精索鞘膜积液13例、睾丸鞘膜积液29例),阴囊壁炎性病变16例(结核14例、非特异性炎变伴脓肿2例),阴囊壁肿块11例(血管瘤3例、淋巴管瘤3例、纤维脂肪肉瘤2例、平滑肌瘤1例、恶性间皮瘤1例、表皮囊肿1例)。阴囊壁病变的共同声像图特点为阴囊壁局限性增厚,层次结构不清楚,并有异常回声出现。并因其病理类型不同而超声表现亦各有特点。结论高频超声能显示阴囊壁病变的回声改变,结合病史,能对病变进行一定程度的鉴别,可作为检查阴囊壁病变的有效手段。

Objective To evaluate the value of high frequency ultrasonography in the diagnosis of scrotal wall diseases. Methods The ultrasonographic images of scrotal walls of 115 patients were studied retrospectively, and the findings were compared with the surgical and pathological results. Results Of the 115 patients, 46 were with closed injury in the scrotal wall （including 32 with contusions, 14 hematomas）, 42 with hydrocele （13 with funicular hydrocele, 29 with testicle hydrocele）, 16 with inflammatory diseases （14 tuberculoses, 2 cases of non-specific inflammation with abscesses）, 11 with scrotal masses （3 hemangiomas, 3 lymphangiomas, 2 fibroliposarcomas, 1 leiomyoma, 1 malignant mesothelioma, 1 epidermal cyst）. The common characteristics in sonograms of scrotal wall diseases included local thickening in the scrotal wall, unclear architectures, and the presence of abnormal echoes. Features in sonograms varied among different pathological types. Conclusion High frequency ultrasonography can reveal the changes of echo in scrotal lesions. With references to the case history, it is helpful for the identification of the scrotal disease to some extent, and playing a role as an effective tool of examination.