石菖蒲根茎甲醇提取物对玉米象和赤拟谷盗的生物活性

Bioactivities of Methanol Extract from Acorus Gramineus Rhizome against Sitophilus Zeamais(Motschulsky) and Tribolium Castaneum Herbst

采用甲醇冷浸法和溶剂萃取法,研究了石菖蒲根茎提取物对玉米象和赤拟谷盗的触杀、熏蒸、忌避、种群抑制活性和防治效果。结果表明:石菖蒲甲醇提取物以石油醚萃取物的生物活性最强;石油醚萃取物对玉米象具有较好的触杀、忌避、种群抑制活性和防治效果,药膜法处理72h后对玉米象的LC50和LC95分别为38.54μg/cm2和160.70μg/cm2,滤纸药膜法39.30μg/cm2处理24h后的忌避率为83.83%,饲料拌药法1 000mg/kg处理后对玉米象的种群抑制率、防效与10mg/kg马拉硫磷处理效果差异均不显著;石油醚萃取物对赤拟谷盗具有很高的忌避活性,滤纸药膜法39.30μg/cm2处理72h后对其忌避率为91.17%。

Adopting the method of methanol soaking and solvent extraction, the contact, fumigant, repellency, population prohibition activities and the control effects of the methanol extract from Acorus gramineus rhizome against Sitophilus zeamais （Motschulsky） and Tribolium castaneum Herbst are reported. Results indicate that the extract substance by solvent petroleum ether has the best bioactivities. The petroleum ether extract has better contact, repel- lency, population prohibition activities, and control effects against S. zeamais （Motschulsky）. At 72h post -treatment by the drug -film method, the LC50and LC95of the petroleum ether extract to S. zeamais （Motschulsky） are 38.54μg/cm^2 and 160.70μg/cm^2 respectively. At 24h post - treatment by the filter paper diffusion method, the repellency value is 83.83% at 39.30μg/cm^2 dosage. As for the population prohibition and the control effects on S. zeamais （Motschulsky）, there is not marked difference between the petroleum ether extract at 1000mg/kg and malathion treatment at 10mg/kg by using the feed -drug mixture method. The petroleum ether extract has excellent repellency activity against T. castaneum Herbst, and the repellency value is 91.17% at 39.30 g/cm^2 dosage after 72h post -treatment by using the filter paper diffusion method.