澜沧江流域水资源开发利用影响分析

Development of water resources in Lancang River Basin and impacts analysis

根据1956-2000年45年系列的资料,评价了澜沧江流域的水资源总量,分析了2000年澜沧江流域的水资源开发状况和水质现状,得出了澜沧江流域具有巨大的水能和水量开发潜力。分析了流域开发后将会产生巨大的生态正效益、经济效益和社会效益。同时,也分析了水利工程对移民、施工、运行等也会产生的不利影响,特别对水生、陆生和两栖生物的生态产生负面影响。最后提出了必须利用工程措施和非工程措施,最大限度地减少工程开发对生态环境造成的负面影响,实现流域的可持续发展。

Based on the 45 years data series from 1956 to 2000, the water amount of resources in Langcang River Basin was evaluated, and the developing situation of water resources and the water quality condition in 2000 are analyzed. From the analysis, it is concluded that in Langcangjiang River Basin there is a great exploitation potential of water resources and hydropower. The paper also discussed the great positive effects of the ecology, economics and society after the Basin exploitation. Meanwhile, the negative effects of the hydro-project to the migration, construction and operation, especially to the aquatic, terrestrial and amphibian biological ecology are discussed. At last, it is advocated that the engineering and non-engineering measurements should be adopted to reduce the negative impacts of exploitations to the ecological environment and to realize the sustainable development of the Basin.