内隐老化刻板印象的年龄差异及其与认知老化的关系

Age Dfferences on Implicit Aging Stereotypes and Its Relationship with Cognitive Aging.

目的利用语义联想原理，以反应时为指标，考察年轻人与不同阶段的老年人的内隐老化刻板印象的差异及其与词语记忆等认知功能老化的关系。方法采用计算机测验程序对81名60-85岁老年人和36名年轻人的内隐老化刻板印象和词语记忆进行了测量。结果①在控制教育年限的情况下，年龄越大，内隐老化刻板印象程度越高（r=0．712）；②年轻人的内隐老化剖板印象显著低于老年人。60岁组和65岁组显著低于70岁组和75岁组。70岁是内隐老化刻板印象发展的一个转折点。男性被试的内隐老化刻板印象低于女性；③内隐老化刻板印象程度越高，词语记忆能力也越差，两者之间的相关系数为-0.455。结论 内隐老化刻板存在年龄差异：内隐老化刻板印象与老年人的认知老化有着密切的关系。

Objective To explore the age-related differences in implicit aging stereotypes, and the relationship between implicit aging stereotypes and cognitive function aging, such as memory task performance. Methods Implicit aging stereotypes test and memory test in computers were administered to 81 elders aged 60-85 years old and 36 young students in Beijing. Results ①Under the control of education, implicit aging stereotypes became stronger with age （r= 0. 712）. ②There were significant differences in implicit aging stereotypes between young and elder adults. Implicit aging stereotypes were higher in 60 and 65 years old group than that in 70 and 75 years old group. ③The coefficacy between implicit aging stereotypes and memory task performance was -0. 455. Conclusion There are age-related changes in implicit aging stereotypes, and implicit aging stereotypes is important to the cognitive aging.