近代日本官话读本中的北京书写——以《北京风俗问答》为中心

Accounts of Beijing in Contemporary Official Japanese Readers:With Focus on Questions and Answers About Beijing Customs

文章以《北京风俗问答》为中心,讨论近代日本官话读本对北京的书写,考察1920年代北京在从传统的帝都向现代都市转变过程中的社会状况。该书作者利用在城市空间和城市社会的微观环境中所保存的丰富资料,再现了当时北京社会的个人、家庭和社会组织的常态。这种作为他者的书写,既表现了作者因来自异质文化而特有的敏感与独特视角,同时作为经历了明治维新的日本人,该书作者的书写还体现了西方现代文明的视角。

Concentrating on Questions and Answers About Belting Customs, this paper discusses accounts and descriptions of Beijing in contemporary oftlcial Japanese readers and investigates the social conditions of Beijing in 1920s when it was being transformed from the traditional imperial capital to the modern metropolis. The author of this book, who drew upon plenty of references well kept in a micro - environment of urban space and urban society, re - represents the normal states of individuals, families, and social organizations in Beijing community at that time. Such accounts or descriptions of Beijing produced from the angle of a foreigner not only manifest the writer＇ s unique sensitive power and peculiar perspectives as an observer from a heterogeneous culture, but also embody the writer＇ s perspectives of modern western civilization as a Japanese who had experienced the Meiji Reformation of Japan （1868）.