青海省动物棘球蚴病及棘球绦虫感染的流行病学调查

Epidemiological Survey on Echinococcus Infection in Animals in Qinghai Province

采用解剖学方法和寄生虫学方法进行了棘球绦虫中间宿主和终末宿主调查,了解青海省动物棘球蚴病/棘球绦虫感染的流行现状。结果表明,青海省家畜棘球蚴病的流行有升高的趋势,主要畜种绵羊和牦牛的平均感染率达50%以上。野生中间宿主动物感染率以青南高原为最高,祁连山地域的犬、狼等终末宿主动物的感染率高于其他两个地形区。青海省棘球绦虫的生活史循环链复杂,动物感染率高,对人类健康构成威胁,应因地制宜地采取有效措施,加强动物棘球蚴病和棘球绦虫病的防治。

Parasitological and dissection methods were used to confirm Echinococcus infection and echinococcosis in animals,and to understand the epidemiological situation in final and intermediate animal hosts in Qinghai Province. Three Echinococcus species were found in the Province including E. granulosus,E. multilocularis and E. shiquicus. The prevalence of hydatid disease showed a tendency of increase with an average rate of over 50% in yaks and sheep. Higher prevalence in wild animals as intermediate host was found in the southern plateau,while that in final hosts such as dogs and wolves,the prevalence was higher in the area of Qilian mountain. There is a complex chain of life cycle of the parasites among animals,which poses a threat to the health of human population. Effective measures to control the disease in animals are urgently needed.