两种方法治疗乳牙骨性Ⅲ类错的疗效对比研究

Comparision of Maxillart Protraction and FRⅢ Functional Appliance in Correcting Skeletal Crossbite in Deciduous Dentition

目的对比研究前方牵引和FRⅢ功能矫治器矫治乳牙骨性反[牙合]的疗效。方法广州市儿童医院口腔科治疗的骨性乳牙反[牙合]患者57例，年龄3～7岁，平均5．3岁，随机分为2组，前方牵引组29例，FRⅢ组28例。对照组为正常乳牙[牙合]儿童，30人。患者治疗前后拍摄头颅侧位片，以X线头影测量方法评价疗效。结果前方牵引组和FRⅢ组均可矫正乳牙骨性反[牙合]。FRⅢ组上前牙唇倾，下前牙舌倾，上下颌骨无明显变化。前牵引组上前牙唇倾，上颌骨A点前移2．98mm，上颌骨长度增加2．78mm。结论在乳牙骨性反[牙合]的治疗中，FRⅢ功能矫治器主要通过移动牙齿消除反[牙合]，无骨性作用，而前牵引除有牙齿移动外，还可以促进上颌骨的发育。

Objective To compare the efleet of maxillary protraction and FRⅢ functional appliances in the treatment of skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion in deciduous dentition. Methods Fifty-seven patients with skeletal class Ⅲ malocclusion were collected in oral department of Guangzhou children＇s hospital, aged from 3 to 7 years, averaged at 11.4 years. Patients were divided into two treatment groups. One group were treated with Facemask orthopedic maxillary protraction by removable applieance, and the other group were treated with FRⅢ appliances. A third group is control group with normal deciduous occlusion. Cephalmetric film was taken for each patient before and after treatment. Lineal and angular change of anatomic marks were calculated, Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance （ANOVA） and F test. Results Crossbite were corrected successfully in two treatment groups. In FRⅢ group, maxillary anterior teeth were procline, and mandilular anterior teeth were retrocline. No skeletal change were observed. In facemask group, maxillary anterior teeth were procline, and A point moved forward for 2.98 mm, while length of maxillary increased for 2.78 mm. Conclusion FRⅢ appliance treat skeletal crossbite in deciduous dentition through the movement of anterior teeth, with little skeletal effect. Maxillary protraction correct deciduous crossbite through dental and skeletal effect, and promote the growth of maxillary.