精神分裂症的自知力及其相关因素研究

A study of insight and its relative factors in schizophrenia

为探讨精神分裂症的自知力的临床价值及其相关因素，对１１８例精神分裂症患者进行了自知力与简明精神病量表（ＢＰＲＳ）、阴性症状量表（ＳＡＮＳ）、阳性症状量表（ＳＡＰＳ）、临床疗效总评量表中的疗效总评项目（ＣＧＩ－ＧＩ）、治疗依从性的评定及其相关分析。结果显示，自知力完整者占１１．０％；自知力评分越高，ＢＰＲＳ、ＳＡＮＳ、ＳＡＰＳ、ＣＧＩ－ＧＩ和治疗依从性评分越高；自知力与ＢＰＲＳ、ＳＡＮＳ、ＳＡＰＳ中的某些症状因子评分，以及受教育年限也有显著相关性，而与年龄、病程、住院次数及住院总时间无显著相关性。提示自知力与其它精神症状的严重程度及其变化、疗效、治疗依从性均有密切的关系，自知力的评定对精神分裂症具有重要的临床价值。

A study was made to determine the clinical value of the insight and its relative factors in schizophrenic patients. The insight, the brief psychiatric rating scale (BPRS), the scale for the assessment of negative symptoms (SANS), the scale for the assessment of positive symptoms (SAPS), the clinical global impression general improvement (CGI GI) and the medication compliance were evaluated and the relationship between the insight and these factors studied with relative analyses in 118 cases of schizophrenic patients. The results showed that 11.0% of the schizophrenic patients were found to exhibit “complete” insight. When the insight was seriously affected, the total scores of BPRS, SANS and SAPS, the score of CGI GI and the medication compliance were higher. The relationship between the insight and the scores of some psychiatrical symptoms in BPRS, SANS and SAPS were also quite close . But the insight did not show definite relations to the ages of the patients, the courses of the disease and the durations of the hospitalizations. It suggested that the degrees of the insight were closely related to the severity of the other psychiatrical symptoms, the therapeutic efficacy and the medication compliance. The authors were of the opinion that the insight assessing for schizophrenia could be of important clinical value.