护理工作职业紧张与健康关系的探讨

Occupational stress and health in nurses

探讨护理工作人员职业紧张因素、紧张缓解因素对身心健康的影响。方法应用职业紧张指标测量工具对１６０名护士的心理卫生水平、躯体不适状况、职业紧张因素、工作满意感、行为类型和应付紧张能力进行测量，并用逐步回归分析方法对心理卫生水平和躯体不适状况进行了预测。结果工作满意感、工作职务、躯体不适状况、年龄、职业紧张因素、子女数是心理卫生水平的主要预测因素，它们共解释了总变异的２７．９９％。而职业紧张因素是躯体不适状况的最强的预测因素，其可解释总变异的８．１０％。有五个变量进入了工作满意感预测方程，它们共解释总变异的１２．３０％，其中对周围事件的影响力所解释的变异占全部因素所能解释的变异的一半。结论护理工作存在着职业紧张因素，这些紧张因素对护理人员的身心健康有一定程度的影响。

Objective To evaluate the effect of stressors,moderating factors on psychosomatic health in nurses.Methods Mental health level,poor physical fitness,occupational stressors,job satisfaction,behavior type,and stress coping ability in 160 nurses were investigated by applying Occupational Stress Indicator(OSI).the data were analysed by stepwise regression method.Results Job satisfaction,job post,poor physical fitness,occupational stressors and the number of children were main predictor of mental health level contributing 27.99% of the variance. but occupational stressors were the strongest predictor of poor physical fitness,predicting 8.10% of the variance.Job satisfaction have 5 predictive variables,they significantly predict 12.30% of the variance.Conclusions There occured stressors in nurse occupation which may affect the psychosomatic health of nurses.