时间认知中的计时中断研究

The Research on Timing Break in Temporal Cognition

计时中断是为探究非时间因素对计时加工的影响机制而提出的一种操纵开关运作机制的研究范式。这种研究范式基于动物计时的顶峰程序研究,后经Fortin和Masse等修订拓展应用于人类计时研究。系列研究发现在该范式中呈现出期望中断和中断时距等两种效应。期望中断效应基于注意资源在计时加工和监控中断信号源之间的分配而产生;中断时距效应基于中断期间的准备加工影响开关潜伏期而产生。未来研究值得讨论的问题主要包括:(1)"期待"心理涵义的揭示;(2)基于注意和基于记忆效应的澄清;(3)更广时距内计时中断效应的探究;(4)计时中断触发机制的多维考察。

Timing break is a kind of research paradigm used to exmplore the effect of non-temporal factors on timing processing by manipulating the switch. The paradigm, based on the summit of animal timing procedure studies, was later used in human timing research by Fortin and Masse. A serial of studies find that there are two kinds of effects shown in the paradigm, namely the expectation break effect which is based on the distribution of attention resource by time processing and the supervising of time break, and break duration effect which comes up when the preparatory processing in the break period influences the latency evoked by switching. The further problems worth studying in the future research are as follows. （1） Revelation of the psychological meaning of ＂anticipation＂; （2） Clarification of the effects based separately on attention and memory; （3） Exploration of the effect of timing break in longer-duration; （4） Study of the trigger mechanism of timing break from different perspectives.