肺炎中免疫反应的信号转导

Signal transduction of immune response in pneumonia

肺上皮细胞、肺泡巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞和淋巴细胞均参与宿主对肺炎病原体的免疫反应。跨膜的Toll样受体（TLR）、核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域（NOD）样受体（NLR家族）、视黄酸诱导的基因样受体（RIG）-1（RLR家族）和A族巨噬细胞清道夫受体家族为识别病原体的受体。通过衔接蛋白,激活蛋白激酶、丝裂原活化的蛋白激酶（MAPK）、信号转导子及转录激活子（STAT）家族和核因子-κB（NF-κB）,诱导致炎细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）等的表达及其它免疫反应。

Lung epitheliums, alveolar macrophages, neutrophils, and lymphocytes all participate in immune response of host to pathogens of pneumonia. Pathogen sensors include transmenbranous Toll-like receptors,nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptors （NLR family）, retinoic acid inducible gene-l-like receptors （RLR family）, and class A macrophage scavenger receptor family. Through adaptor proteins, protein kinases, mitogen activated protein kinases （MAPK）, signal transducer and activator of transcription family, and nuclear factor-κB are activated resulting in the expression of proinflammatory cytokines,such as tumor necrosis factor-α,and other immune response.