低浓度氯气对人鼻粘膜功能与形态学影响的观察

OBSERVATION OF THE EFFECT OF HUMAN NASAL MUCOSAL FUNCTION AND MORPHOLOGY TO LOW CHLORINE CONCENTRATION

目的：了解长期接触低浓度氯气对上呼吸道粘膜的影响程度。方法∶观察３１名新入厂工人在接触平均０．０９ｍｇ／ｍ３浓度的氯气前后一年的鼻粘膜功能、超微结构的变化。结果：接触后鼻纤毛运动功能及鼻腺体分泌功能较接触前降低，但两种功能无显著相关性。光镜下，见腺体增多，伴炎症细胞浸润；电镜下，见接触后７６％～７９％柱状细胞上皮纤毛脱落、破坏，３３％～４７％显示鳞状上皮化生，９２％线粒体之双膜结构不完整，嵴减少、消失或髓样变，１例胶原纤维进入上皮细胞间隙。结论：线粒体改变为低浓度氯气对人鼻粘膜影响的敏感性亚细胞标志。

Objective: To evaluate the effect of long term exposure of low chlorine concentrationto upper respiratory mucosa. Methods: Thirty one new workers' nasal mucosal function and submicrostructure change was evaluated, who contacted with the average chlorine concentration of 0.09mg/m 3 for one year also. Results: After exposure for one year, the movement function of nasal cellular cilium and the secretion function of nasal cell were reduced then before. There were no significant relation between the two functions. The nasal mucosal cup cell secretion increased accompanied with inflammatory under light microscope. While under electromicroscope 76%￣79% pillar nasal mucosal cellular cilium was founded detachment or necrosis, and 33%￣47% was squamatization,92% cellular plastiosome dimambrane was not complete, ridge reduced of pulpation or disappeared, one case was founded collagen fiber infltrated in epithelial cell space.Conclusion: Nasal mucosal cellular plastiosome change is a sensitive submicrostructure cellular mark of low chlorine concentration effect to human nasal mucosa.