中国大戟属13种15个居群的核型报道

Karyotype in fifteen populations belonging to thirteen species of Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) in China

对国产大戟科Euphorbiaceae大戟属Euphorbia的13种15个地方居群的核型进行研究,以期为解决该属的种间亲缘关系和物种进化机制提供依据。结果如下:地锦E.humifusa(望江居群),2n=2x=22=20m(2SAT)+2sm;地锦E.humifusa(红旗村居群),2n=2x=22=18m+4sm;千根草E.thymifolia,2n=4x=40=40m;斑地锦E.maculata,2n=4x=40=36m+4sm;银边翠E.marginata,2n=8x=56=40m+8sm+8st;铁海棠E.milii,2n=4x=40=32m+8sm;金刚纂E.neriifolia,2n=6x=60=6m+36sm+12st+6t;火殃勒E.antiquorum,2n=6x=60=24m+24sm+12st;一品红E.pulcherrima,2n=4x=28=24m(3SAT)+4sm;猩猩草E.cyathophora,2n=4x=28=16m+12sm;齿裂大戟E.dentata,2n=4x=28=28m;续随子E.lathyris,2n=2x=20=12m+8sm;泽漆E.helioscopia,2n=6x=42=36m+6sm;乳浆大戟E.esula(陈家沟居群),2n=2x=20=14m+6sm;乳浆大戟E.esula(樱桃沟居群),2n=4x=40=32m+8sm。千根草和斑地锦两个种的核型以及乳浆大戟的四倍体居群核型均为首次报道。

In this paper, karyotypes from fifteen populations in thirteen species of Euphorbia （Euphorbiaceae） from China were investigated. The results were as follows： 2n=2x=22=20m （2SAT）＋2sm for Euphorbia humifusa （Wangjiang, Sichuan）; 2n=2x=22=18m＋4sm for E. humifusa （Hongqicun, Beijing）; 2n=4x-40=40m for E. thymifolia; 2n-4x-40=36m＋4sm for E. maculata; 2n=8x=56=40m＋8sm＋8st for E. marginata; 2n=4x-40=32m＋8sm for E. milii; 2n=6x=60=6m＋36sm＋12st＋6t for E. neriifolia; 2n=6x=60=24m＋24sm＋12st for E. antiquorum; 2n=4x-=28=24m（3SAT）＋4sm for E. pulcherrima; 2n=4x-=28=16m＋12sm for E. cyathophora; 2n=4x=28=28m for E. dentata; 2n=2x=20=12m＋8sm for E. lathyris; 2n=6x=42=36m＋6sm for E. helioscopia; 2n=2x=20=14m＋6sm for E. esula （Chenjiagou, Beijing）; 2n=4x-40=32m＋8sm for E. esula （Yingtaogou, Beijing）. The karyotypes of two species, E. thymifolia and E. maculata, and the tetraploidy karyotype of E. esula were reported for the first time.