云南省啮齿动物中汉坦病毒自然感染状况调查

Investigation into the naturally infectius status of Hantaviruses in rodents in Yunnan Province,China

目的调查云南省啮齿动物汉坦病毒自然感染状况，为制定云南省肾综合征出血热的预防控制提供科学依据。方法用鼠笼和鼠夹在云南省11个县（市）进行捕鼠，捕获的啮齿动物进行分类鉴定并解剖取肺脏组织和用直接免疫荧光法检测汉坦病毒。结果在调查的11个县（市）共捕获5属8种啮齿动物1303只，黄胸鼠和褐家鼠为居民区优势种，高山姬鼠和大绒鼠为野外优势种。调查县（市）汉坦病毒自然感染率范围为2、5％～7．1％；居民区黄胸鼠、褐家鼠、小家鼠和大足鼠中汉坦病毒自然感染率分别为3，8％（24／637）、5、5％（15／274）、4．2％（2／47）和3．0％（3／100）；野外高山姬鼠、大绒鼠、中华姬鼠和臭朐腈中汉坦病毒自然感染率分别为2．2％（3／139）、1．8％（3／163）、0（0／4）和14．3％（1／7）。结论云南省啮齿动物汉坦病毒自然感染普遍，存在以褐家鼠一黄胸鼠为主要宿主的汉城型病毒的循环形式和以高山姬鼠一大绒鼠为主要宿主的汉滩型病毒的循环形式。

Objective To investigate the situation of the natural infection of Hantaviruses （HV） in rodents and offer guidance for the control and prevention of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （HFRS） in Yunnan Province, China. Methods The rodents had been captured by a special trap, the lung tissues of the rodents was taken after identified and stored in - 196℃ liquid Nitrogen. HV was detected by direct immunofluorescence assay （DIFA） from the lung tissues of the rodents. Results The 1 303 rodents belonging to 8 species of 5 Genera were captured in 11 counties or cities in Yunnan. Rattus flavipetus and Rattus norvegicus were the dominant species in the residential areas and Apodemus chevfiefi and Eothnomys melanogaster were the dominant species in the field. The total natural infection rates of HV in rodents in Xiangyun County, Longling County, Yongsbeng County, Lancang County, Xundian County, Yulong County, Jingdong County, Luxi County, Yingjiang County, Dali City and Binchuan County were 7.1% （2/ 28）,6.0%（5/84）,5.6% （9/162）,5.2%（5/96）, 5.0% （9/181）, 3.0% （3/100）,2.7% （8/291）,2.7% （3/113）,2.6% （1/ 38） ,2.5% （3/119）and 3.3% （3/91）respectively. The natural infection rate of HV ix Rattus flavipetus, Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus and Rattus nitidus was 3.8 % （ 24/637 ）, 5.5 % （ 15/274 ）, 4.2 % （ 2/47 ） and 3.0 % （3/100） respectively in the residential areas. The natural infection rate of HV in Apodemus chevrieri, Eothnomys melanogaster , Apodemus draco and Suncus murinus was 2.2% （3/139）, 1.8% （3/163） ,0.0% （0/4）and 14.3% （1/7） respectively in the field. Conclusion The rodents were infected naturally and generally by HV in Yunnan Province. There were two types of HV in Yunnan Province, genotype of Seoul circling in the main hosts of Rattus norvegicus and Rattus flavipetus and the genotype of Hantaan circling in the main hosts of Apodemus chevrieri and Eothnomys melanogaster. But, the major type in rodents was the genotype of Seoul circling in the main hosts of Rattus norvegicus and Rattus flavipetus, which were associated with the light and sporadic cases of HFRS in Yunnan Province.