广西放射性同位素与射线装置应用及职业病防治现状调查

Survey of use of radio isotope and beam installment and control status of occupational diseases in Guangxi

目的掌握广西放射同位素与射线装置应用及职业病防治工作状况,为制定职业病防治政策提供科学依据。方法采用现场检查和登记记录的方法,对广西所有的放射性同位素与射线装置应用单位进行全面检查,并对检查资料进行统计分析。结果广西使用放射性同位素设备336台,密封源576枚,放射性活度2 349TBq,放射性核素主要有60Co3、7Cs和131I等13种,密封源以其它分类应用的枚数据多,占总枚数的69.8%。广西放射工作场所外照射剂量合格率为92.7%,放射工作人员总数为6 015人,放射性同位素和射线装置工作人员分别占人员总数的16.9%和83.1%,持证率分别为88.3%和88.3%;医疗卫生行业和非医疗卫生行业工作人员分别占人员总数的93.1%和6.9%。放射工作人员外照射人均年剂量当量为0.57mSv,按剂量分布人计,<2mSv和≥2mSv的人员分别占实检测总人数的96.4%和3.6%;未检出放射工作人员放射病新病例。结论丢失放射性密封源是同位素应用的最大安全隐患,应重点加强监管。应加大量检测的监督执法力度,应加强对射线装置其它类、介入放射学和核医学分类放射工作人员的防护管理和防护技术研究,以降低其受照剂量。

Objective To understand the existing situation on applied radioisotope and bern installment and prevention and controll of occupational disease in Guangxi, provide the scientific base for prevention and control of related occupational disease. Methods On- spot inspection, test, record and data statistical analysis were conducted, which involved in all units of applied radioisotope and bern installment in Guangxi. Results There are 336 equipments of radioactive isotope, seal sources 576, the radioactive activity is 2349TBq, there are 13 kinds of radionuclide, mainly are ^60Co,^37Cs and ^131I, the other kind of applied seal sources account for 69.8%. The qualified rate of radiation on operational site external dosage is 92.7% in Guangxi, there are 6,015 persons who take part in radiative operation, the persons who exposed on radioactive isotope and the beam installment accounts for 16.9% and 83.1% respectively, the staff who hold the cards occupied 88.3% and 88.3% respectively. The persons who from the medical health profession and the non - medical health profession accounts for 93.1% and 6.9 % respectively. The average external dosage per person yearin is 0.57mSv. The personnel who exposed dosage less than 2mSv and more than 2mSv account for 96.4% and 3.6 % separately, there is no new case of radiative disease. Conclusion The loss of radiative seal sources is the biggest security hidden trouble for application of isotope, Should be managed and inspected carefully. The rate of persons with card and external individual dosage surveillance shoud be supervised. The research on other kind of radioisotope, intervene radiology and protection of management and tech on persons should be strengthened for reducing exposed doses.