我国农村不同地区孕产妇保健情况分析

Analysis of pregnant women's health care in different rural areas of China

目的:了解农村地区孕产妇保健现状,分析其影响因素,从而寻找适当的改进措施。方法:利用现有资料对一类、二类、四类农村,以及城乡之间进行比较分析。结果:孕产妇卫生保健利用率二、四类农村要低于一类农村,特别是四类农村孕产妇住院分娩率较低;孕产妇死亡率边远地区显著高于沿海和内地;四类农村产妇分娩地点主要在家里(73·9%),且接生人员主要是家人(58%);在家分娩的主要原因是经济困难、认为住院分娩没必要、来不及等。结论:加大国家对西部妇幼卫生工作的投入;提高农村卫生机构的服务能力和人力资源素质;加强妇女保健的健康教育工作,进一步提高住院分娩率,将有助于改善西部贫困地区的妇女保健状况。

Objective： To understand present situation of pregnant women＇s health care in rural areas, and analyze its influence factors in order to seek improvement measures. Methods： Compare the differences among three kinds of rural areas, between cities and countries by existing material. Results： The pregnant women of middle and west China use less health care than east China, specially hospitalized childbirth rate was very low in the west areas of China; the pregnant women＇s mortality of remote border district was much higher than the inshore areas ; the pregnant women＇s childbirth place mainly at home in the fourth rural （73.9%）, and the accouching personnel was mainly the family member （58%）, the leading reasons were economy, unnecessary, without enough time and so on. Conclusion： The country should increase investment on western women＇s health care, enhance the serviceability of rural health organizations and personnel quality; strengthen the health education work, and enhance the hospitalized childbirth rate further, which will be improve women＇s health care condition of the poor west areas in China.