海洋贝类蛋白资源酶解利用

Research Progress in Utilizing Marine Shellfish Proteins by Enzymatic Hydrolysis

海洋贝类蛋白资源的高效利用是我国海洋生物资源可持续利用中重要研究方向,酶解技术已经成为海洋贝类蛋白资源高值化、资源化、生态化开发的重要手段,具有重要的理论意义和实践意义。贝类酶解采用的主要商品酶为中性蛋白酶、风味酶、木瓜蛋白酶、菠萝蛋白酶、胃蛋白酶等,酶解效果评价的主要参数为蛋白水解率以及抗氧化、清除自由基等生理功能指标,酶解产物主要用途为调味品、营养功能制品、饲料蛋白产品、医药品等。从商品工具酶的选择,酶解优选工艺、酶解产物应用等角度,综合论述了海洋贝类蛋白资源酶解利用的发展现状,展望了其发展趋势,为我国商品酶制剂在海洋贝类乃至整个海洋生物蛋白资源的高值化开发中的利用提供参考。

The value-increment utilization of marine shellfish proteins played a very important part in the marine bio-resourses sustainable utilization, enzymatic hydrolusis had becoming a important instrument in the value-increasing, recycling and ecologycal exploitation of marine shellfish proteins. Main types of comercial enzymes were proposed, including neutral protease, flavourzyme, papain, bromelain, pepsin and so on, main parameters of shellfish enzymatic hydrolysis such as hydrolysis degree, physiological fators including antioxidative activity and radical scavenging capacity were also presented. The enzymatic products of shellfish proteins had been widely used as spices, functional food, aninal feed and medicines . The choice of enzymes, the flowsheet for enzymatic hydrolysis, and the applications of enzymatic hydrolysates of marine shellfish proteins were introduced. The research status and future of the utilization of marine shellfish proteins by enzymatic hydrolysis was reviewed. It presents a reference to the utiliztion of comercial enzymes in marine proteins especially shellfish proteins scientificly and industrially.