大型海藻江蓠对养殖池塘水质污染修复的研究

Bioremediation of nutrient polluted animal culture ponds by seaweed Gracilaria lichenoides.

通过对菊花江蓠(Gracilaria lichenoides)与南美白对虾(Penacus vannamei)、青石斑鱼(Epinephelusawoara)混养池塘水质的跟踪监测,研究了不同养殖模式下江蓠对池塘水质的修复效果。结果表明:江蓠对水中无机氮(IN)、无机磷(IP)有较好的净化作用,能使养殖池中水体保持很低的IN、IP浓度和较高的溶解氧(DO)浓度,维持良好的水质状况;江蓠与虾或鱼混养,对水质均有改善作用。大型海藻江蓠易调控、无二次污染、有较好的经济价值,同时其对水质调节作用优于微藻等。利用江蓠进行生态养殖,可减少药物投放量,提高产品的质量和市场竞争力,促进海水养殖业的可持续发展。

Animal culture ponds of Penacus vannamei and Epinephelus awoara were studied for water quality remediation effects of seaweed G. lichenoides. Results show that G. lichenoides has an obvious purifying effect on in-pond inorganic nitrogen（IN） and inorganic phosphorus（IP）. Lower concentrations of IN and IP and higher dissolved oxygen（DO） are observed in the pond with G. lichenoides ,showing that the mixed culture of G. lichenoides with Penacus vannarnei and/or Epinephelus awoara improves water quality of animal culture ponds. G. lichenoides has higher economic benefits, no secondary pollution effect and is easily managed, hence advantageous over water quality treatment with micro-algae. Ecological animal culture with G. lichenoides reduces in-pond chemical agents, improves yield and production quality and is an ecologically feasible approach to sustainable aquaculture and green seafood production.