斯大林、毛泽东与朝鲜战争再议——根据俄国档案文献的最新证据

Stalin,Mao Zedong and the Korean War Reconsidered:Based on Newest Evidence from the Russian Archives

由于档案文献的缺失,历史的链条往往是断裂的,即使在朝鲜战争这一冷战国际史研究中最热门的领域,情况依然如此。本文依据近几年最新解密和披露的档案文献,把过去十几年有关朝鲜战争研究中断开的历史环节连接起来,使人们对于这段历史真实能够有一个比较连贯和完整的了解。这包括中苏两国领导人在战前对实现朝鲜统一的途径的认识,中国军队中第二批朝鲜族部队回国的情况,苏联代表在战争初期没有及时返回联合国安理会的真正考虑,斯大林与周恩来黑海会谈的结果,以及斯大林出尔反尔、拒绝出动空军配合志愿军赴朝作战的背后原因等等。

Gaps in archival evidence often cause ruptures in the links of history. Even in the study of the Korean War, one of the best studied subjects in Cold War international history, such situations still exist. Based on the most recently declassified and published archival materials, this paper reconnects those ruptured links in the study of the Korean War in the past decade. It presents a relatively consistent and complete picture of this historical event. The issues include how Chinese and Soviet leaders considered Korean unification before the war, the circumstances under which the second group of Korean troops in the Chinese army returned to Korea, the real reason for the Soviet delegates＇ absence from the UN Security Council at the beginning of the war, the results from the Stalin - Zhou Enlai talks at the Black Sea, and the behind - the - scene considerations for Stalin＇ s going back on his promise of providing air cover for the Chinese Volunteers＇ entry into the Korean War.