矮败小麦研究进展及其在新疆的应用

The Advance of Studying on Dwarf Male-sterile Wheatand Situation of Applying It in Xinjiang

矮败小麦是矮秆基因标记的太谷核不育小麦,是理想的群体改良工具,在种质资源创新方面具有很大的应用前景。矮败小麦育成后,经过中国农科院等科研单位多年的研究与摸索,逐步建立起一套科学、方便、实用的矮败小麦轮回选择技术体系,并在品种选育、种质创新、矮败小麦遗传特性转移、生理生化等方面取得了很大的进展。1989年新疆农科院粮作所引进矮败小麦后,根据新疆南北地区不同的生态环境和育种目标,建立起6个矮败冬小麦改良群体,并获得了一批综合性状较好的稳定品系及具有特殊遗传背景的特异中间材料。

Dwarf male - sterile wheat is a Taigu genie male - sterile wheat with dwarf marker, and an efficient method of population improvement, and has vast application prospects in germplasm ereation. Exeellence breeding technology and system have been built using dwarfing- sterile wheat and recurrent selection technology for long - term study and trying, and important progress have made in variety breeding, germplasm creation, transfer of characteristic inherit of dwarf male - sterile wheat and physiology bio - chemical etc. According to different environment and breeding targets in different area of Xinjiang , 6 reformative groups of winter wheat have been built by Institute of Cereal Crops of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences after dwarf male - sterile wheat being introduced in 1989, and acquired a batch strains excellent in comprehensive characteristic and some especially center strains with the special heredity background.