民国时期救灾资源动员的多样化——以1931年水灾救治为例

Diversification of Resource Mobilization of Disaster-relief in the period of Repubic of China

民国时期,伴随社会经济的发展、大众传媒的兴盛、民间社会力量的强大,在灾害救治领域体现出较为浓烈的救灾资源捐助多元化的表征:一是捐助主体的多样化,如同乡会、同业公会、政界、实业界、宗教界、文化界、军界及大量个体等;二是捐助方式的多样化,如营业助赈、捐薪、娱乐助赈、书画助赈、礼仪助赈、广告捐助等。这些救灾主体和如此的捐助方式,从救灾层面凸现了民国这一多元化社会的奇特景观,对今天更好地做好灾害救治不无借鉴意义。

In the period of Repubic of China, accompanied by social and economic development, the rise of mass media, a powerful force of civil society,the disasterrelief reflected more intense characterizations of diversified resources： First, the diversification of the main donors, such as, associations, political, business, religious, cultural, military and the large number of individuals; Second, the diversification of donations ,such as,business assistance, salary payment, painting help relief, decency help relief, advertising and other donors. These diversification of donation and so many donors, showed the peculiar landscape in this pluralistic society, which is more significance to disaster relief better in today.