分布式卫星干涉测高系统编队构形优化设计方法

Optimization Design Approach of Distributed Spaceborne InSAR Formation

分布式卫星干涉合成孔径雷达(InSAR)编队构形设计是系统总体设计的关键问题。从系统测高性能优化角度出发,提出分布式InSAR编队优化设计一般方法,将其概括为求解一个优化问题,以主星带辅星群体制分布式InSAR为例建立目标函数,针对其星载双站、斜视、空间基线等特点建立测高精度与辅星轨道根数的关系,基于近似的相对运动数学模型对该优化问题进行简化,并采用遗传算法求解。在此基础上,对多颗卫星组成编队以提高系统测高性能提出了一种多星编队设计方法。仿真分析表明,经优化得到的编队测高性能要优于干涉车轮和钟摆编队,该结果验证了优化设计方法的有效性和正确性。

The formation configuration design of distributed spaceborne interferometric synthetic aperture radar （InSAR） is the key issue of system design. From the point of system performance optimization, a generalized approach of formation configuration design is presented. It is generalized as an optimal problem. As an example, one of distributed spaeeborne InSAR system with a master transmitter satellite and multi receiver satellites is analyzed. The objective function is set up. Considering the characteristics of bistatic, squint and spatial baseline of the example system, the relation of digital elevation model （DEM） error and satellite orbit root is established. An approximate model of relative motion is adopted which simplifies the optimal problem. The optimal problem is solved by genetic algorithms. Base on single baseline case, a design method of multi-satellite formation is presented. Simulation shows that the DEM performance of optimal formation configuration is excelled to that of interferometric cartwheel and pendulum. The simulation result proves correctness and validity of the optimal method.