细胞融合修复机制及其在神经系统损伤修复中的作用

The Repair Mechanism of Cell Fusion and Its Effect in the Repair of Nervous System Injury

由于神经元一旦丧失后即难以再生，因此修复损伤的神经元和减少其死亡是神经系统疾病治疗的关键。细胞融合是大多数真核细胞的基本发育特征，在人体各个发育阶段均可观察到细胞融合现象。干细胞与体细胞融合后会在体细胞内固有定向分化因子作用下发生基因转决，可分化为与体细胞一致的表型。近年来的研究表明，细胞融合对损伤细胞具有修复作用，其修复机制包括修复损伤或缺陷基因、诱导干细胞定向分化以及直接修复损伤细胞。细胞融合对神经系统损伤也具有修复作用。在细胞融合修复机制被应用于临床治疗之前，还需要进一步的研究。

As neuron cannot regenerate once lost, repairing injured neurons and reducing their death are the key factors in the treatment of nervous system diseases. Cell fusion is the basic developmental characteristics of most eukaryotic cells, and cell fusion phenomenon can be observed in various developmental stages in human beings. After stem cells are fused with somatic ones, gene transdetermination may occur under the effect of intrinsic factor of oriented differentiation in somatic cells, and they can be differentiated into phenotypes in accordance with somatic cells. Studies in recent years have suggested that cell fusion has the effect on repairing injured cells; its mechanism includes repairing injured or defective genes, inducing oriented differentiation of stem cells and repairing injured cells directly. Cell fusion may also play a part in repairing nervous system injuries, The further studies are needed before the repairing mechanism of cell fusion can be used in clinical practice.