松嫩平原西南部水域信息图谱分析

Research on Water Area Informatic Tupu in Southwest of Songnen Plain

地学信息图谱综合了地学景观规律性、简洁性和数学模型的抽象性,它是现代空间技术与我国传统研究成果结合的产物,它可反演过去、预测未来。基于地学信息图谱原理与表达方法,采用遥感与地理信息系统技术,通过对松嫩平原西南部水域1979、2001年两期遥感数据,进行水域遥感信息图谱变化研究与图谱分析表达。研究表明,1979年松嫩平原西南部水体总面积为2018.22km2,2001年面积为1488.12km2,减少了530km2,水域变化的动态度为1.01%,主要影响因素是土地沙化、草地退化以及过度的人为开发造成的。通过多种景观指数图谱理论来表达水域的变化特点,反映水域要素的相关性和数量关系。利用遥感与地理信息系统相结合的方法,对松嫩平原西南部遥感水域信息,反演了研究区的水域动态变化。

Water is the most active factor in the world and presents all kinds of configurations,which formed over a long period of time. We can open out the pattern of temporal and spatial change and forecast the trend of feature. Geo-informatic Tupu synthesizes the concision of landscape image and the abstraction of mathematics model,which is the result of combining the special technology and product of traditional study. Based on the principle of Geo-informatic Tupu and its expression,we studied water area change in southwest of Songnen Plain through remote sensing data obtained in 1979 and 2001,adopting remote sensing （RS） and geographic information system（GIS） technology. The research indicated that the total area of water in southwest of Songnen Plain is 2018.22km2 in 1979,while in 2001 the area reduced to 1 488.12km2 with a dynamic degree of 1.01%. The main influencing factor is land desertification,grassland degradation and human overexploitation. Then we calculated several landscape indexes to present the variation characteristics of water through the theory of Tupu and reflect the relativity and math relationship of water elements. This paper expresses and retrieves the dynamic variation of water in the study area using RS and GIS technology.